Sealife guideThe Tetraodontiformes orderThe taxonomy of marine species
Explore the taxonomy of the sea vertebrates including the cetaceans like the whales or the dolphins, the sea birds, the fish, the sharks and the sea turtles !

Ocean sunfish
(Mola mola)
(Mola mola)
The Monacanthidae family includes marine fish known as filefish, which are related to triggerfish and found mainly in tropical and subtropical waters. Their name comes from their rough, sandpaper-like skin, which was traditionally used as a natural file by local populations in some regions. They are easily recognized by their flattened bodies, small mouths and especially their dorsal fin, which has a large first spine that they can raise either for defense or to wedge themselves into crevices. Filefish are most commonly found on tropical reefs, where they feed on algae, small invertebrates and sometimes sponges. Their ability to change color to blend in with their surroundings helps them avoid predators and ambush prey.

Honeycomb filefish
(Cantherhines pardalis)
(Cantherhines pardalis)

Orange spotted filefish
(Oxymonacanthus longirostris)
(Oxymonacanthus longirostris)

Planehead filefish
(Stephanolepis hispidus)
(Stephanolepis hispidus)

Scrawled filefish
(Aluterus scriptus)
(Aluterus scriptus)

Slender filefish
(Monacanthus tuckeri)
(Monacanthus tuckeri)

Taylor's pygmy leatherjacket
(Brachaluteres taylori)
(Brachaluteres taylori)

Whitespotted filefish
(Cantherhines dumerilii)
(Cantherhines dumerilii)

Honeycomb cowfish
(Acanthostracion polygonium)
(Acanthostracion polygonium)

Reticulate boxfish
(Ostracion solorensis)
(Ostracion solorensis)

Scrawled cowfish
(Acanthostracion quadricornis)
(Acanthostracion quadricornis)

Smooth trunkfish
(Rhinesomus triqueter)
(Rhinesomus triqueter)

Spotted boxfish
(Ostracion meleagris)
(Ostracion meleagris)

Spotted trunkfish
(Lactophrys bicaudalis)
(Lactophrys bicaudalis)

Thornback cowfish
(Lactoria fornasini)
(Lactoria fornasini)

Yellow boxfish
(Ostracion cubicus)
(Ostracion cubicus)
Our latestUpdates

Thursday, April 23rd 2026
Where to see groupers in the Mediterranean ?
Discover where to see groupers in the Mediterranean: the best diving spots and protected marine areas to observe this iconic fish in its natural habitat.

Monday, April 20th 2026
The broadnose sevengill shark
Discover the broadnose sevengill shark (Notorynchus cepedianus), a large primitive coastal shark with seven gill slits living in temperate and subtropical waters around the world.

Monday, March 2nd 2026
The blueface angelfish
The blueface angelfish is a very colorful fish of the tropical coral reefs of the Indo-Pacific, recognizable by its bright blue head and its bluish body finely reticulated with yellow.
Photo of the Day

Poisson coffre pintade
(Ostracion meleagris)
(Ostracion meleagris)
