Sealife guideThe Monacanthidae familyThe taxonomy of marine species
Explore the taxonomy of the sea vertebrates including the cetaceans like the whales or the dolphins, the sea birds, the fish, the sharks and the sea turtles !
The Monacanthidae family includes marine fish known as filefish, which are related to triggerfish and found mainly in tropical and subtropical waters. Their name comes from their rough, sandpaper-like skin, which was traditionally used as a natural file by local populations in some regions. They are easily recognized by their flattened bodies, small mouths and especially their dorsal fin, which has a large first spine that they can raise either for defense or to wedge themselves into crevices. Filefish are most commonly found on tropical reefs, where they feed on algae, small invertebrates and sometimes sponges. Their ability to change color to blend in with their surroundings helps them avoid predators and ambush prey.

Honeycomb filefish
(Cantherhines pardalis)
(Cantherhines pardalis)

Orange spotted filefish
(Oxymonacanthus longirostris)
(Oxymonacanthus longirostris)

Planehead filefish
(Stephanolepis hispidus)
(Stephanolepis hispidus)

Scrawled filefish
(Aluterus scriptus)
(Aluterus scriptus)

Slender filefish
(Monacanthus tuckeri)
(Monacanthus tuckeri)

Taylor's pygmy leatherjacket
(Brachaluteres taylori)
(Brachaluteres taylori)
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Poisson papillon à écailles perlées
(Chaetodon xanthurus)
(Chaetodon xanthurus)