Sealife guideThe leopard sharkTriakis semifasciata
Last updated on 01/25/2025 at 10:10 PM
Taxonomy
- Common name: Leopard shark
- French name: Requin léopard
- Spanish name: Tiburón leopardo
- Scientific name: Triakis semifasciata (Girard, 1855)
- Family name: Triakidae
- Order name: Carcharhiniformes
- Class name: Elasmobranchii
Description
The leopard shark is characterized by its distinctive spotted pattern, which is how it got its name. Its back is dark gray to brown, covered with dark, horseshoe-shaped spots, while its belly is white. Its body is sleek, with a relatively small head in comparison to its body.

The leopard shark (Triakis semifasciata) © Ondřej Prosický | Dreamstime.com
As adults, leopard sharks typically reach a length between 4 and 6 feet with females generally being larger than males.
Geographic range
The leopard shark frequents the coastal waters of North America, from Canada in the north to Baja California in Mexico to the south.
Habitat
The leopard shark lives in the shallow coastal waters of bays and estuaries, where it spends most of its time near the seafloor. The leopard shark can also be found at greater depths.
Diet
The leopard shark is primarily piscivorous, feeding on small fish, squid, rays and other marine organisms it finds near the seafloor. It is considered an opportunistic predator, meaning it easily adapts to different food sources depending on the availability of prey.
Reproduction
The leopard shark is an ovoviviparous species. After a gestation period of about 10 months, the female gives birth to litters of 10 to 30 baby sharks.

A group of leopard sharks swims close to the seafloor in the Monterey Bay Marine Sanctuary © Yisi Li | Dreamstime.com
Within the same genus

Banded houndshark
(Triakis scyllium)
(Triakis scyllium)
Discover also

Blue shark
(Prionace glauca)
(Prionace glauca)

Brownbanded bamboo shark
(Chiloscyllium punctatum)
(Chiloscyllium punctatum)

Galapagos shark
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(Carcharhinus galapagensis)

Great hammerhead shark
(Sphyrna mokarran)
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Leopard catshark
(Poroderma pantherinum)
(Poroderma pantherinum)

Sandbar shark
(Carcharhinus plumbeus)
(Carcharhinus plumbeus)

Short fin mako
(Isurus oxyrinchus)
(Isurus oxyrinchus)

Zebra shark
(Stegostoma fasciatum)
(Stegostoma fasciatum)
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